Ans. Click here to visit the playlist on this chapter Procedure. Subsequently, a P-N junction silicon semiconductor is used to make Zener diode regulator instead of any ordinary junction diode. Viva Voce. you are here->home->Physics->Class 12->Zener Diode. Figure 2 shows the current versus voltage curve for a Zener diode. When forward biased, it behaves like a normal signal diode, but when the reverse voltage is applied to it, the voltage remains constant for a wide range of currents. By now we know that even if we use a rectifier to convert AC input voltage, the output fluctuates too. Zener Diode as a Voltage Regulator. Theory. Zener Diode as DC voltage regulator. Zener diode is connected parallel to the load to make it reverse bias and once the Zener diode exceeds knee voltage, the voltage across the load will become constant. The zener diode will continue in regulating the voltage till the zener diode current falls below the minimum I z min value in the reverse breakdown region. CO-ED SCHOOL KOLAR ROAD BHOAPL DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS PROJECT REPORT INVESTIGATORYPROJECT ON PN JUNCTION AND DIODES PROJECT REPORT Submitted by Govind Patel Submitted to Mrs Ratna Hajela … When the Zener diode is given reverse bias feedback, there is a small leakage current until it attains the breakdown voltage or a constant voltage. We are going use it's reverse breakdown characteristics. Explain, giving reason. It is a special purpose diode, named after the inventor C. Zener; It is designed to operate under reverse bias in the breakdown region ; The symbol for Zener diode is . Choose the Appropriate Option Regarding the Level of Doping in the Zener Diode. However, the Zener Diode or Breakdown Diode, as they are sometimes referred too, are basically the same as the standard PN junction diode but they are specially designed to have a low and specified Reverse Breakdown Voltage which takes advantage of any reverse voltage applied to it. Zener diode has the property of behaving like a dc battery in ‘on’ state (i.e. Learn the concepts of Class 12 Physics Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits with Videos and Stories. There is a series resistor connected to the circuit in order to limit the current into the diode. Viva Voce. A 4V7 zener diode is used as a voltage regulator as shown in the diagram below. you are here->home->Physics->Class 12->Zener Diode. What is the Experiment to Study Zener Diodes as a Voltage Regulator? Zener Diodes are widely used as Shunt Voltage Regulators to regulate voltage across small loads. When the minimum input voltage and the maximum load current is applied, the Zener diode current should always be minimum. 5. To maintain a constant voltage across the load, even if the input voltage or load current varies, voltage. Zener diode is specifically designed for this purpose. This silicon semiconductor is designed to function in the condition of reverse bias. Zener diode is a silicon semiconductor with a p-n junction that is specifically designed to work in the reverse biased condition. However, this forward flow of current can be reversed if the voltage surpasses a specific value which is known as the breakdown or Zener voltage. Zener Diode is a general purpose diode, which behaves like a normal diode when forward biased. The voltage regulator is used for two main reasons, and they are: Voltage regulators are used in computers, power generators, alternators to control the output of the plant. By controlling the doping level, the breakdown region can be set during the manufacturing of the diode. The image depicts a current versus voltage graph. Ans. 33 6.34 12.9 34 6.35 14.7 35 6.36 19.7 36 6.367 20.7 On plotting V vs I graph, we get the following: 3. Because of this sudden rise in electric current, breakdown occurs called zener … In the reverse bias condition the Zener diode is an open circuit and only a small leakage current is flowing as shown on the exaggerated plot. Zener Diode. This voltage is called zener voltage or breakdown voltage (Vz). The reverse characteristic is obtained by taking reverse voltage along – ve … Characteristics. Video. We have discussed the application of Zener diode as voltage regulator and now we will discuss the other two points. Here is a link to step by step physics experiment of Zener diode as a voltage regulator and how its made. Therefore, the constant voltage helps Zener Diode as Voltage Regulator. Before you discuss how this diode can be used as a voltage regulator, you must know what a voltage regulator is. Here, look at the schematic symbol and appearance of a Zener diode. Zener diodes are widely used as voltage references and as shunt regulators to regulate the voltage across small circuits. Zener diode is used as Shunt voltage regulator for regulating voltage across small loads. Simulator. Due to this feature, it is used as a voltage regulator in d.c. circuit. Feedback. The DC output voltage remains constant when the input varies within the limits as the voltage regulator is used. The voltage drop across R L is 12 V, V in has values between 20 V and 35 V. The minimum current through R (i)Zener diode is used as voltage regulator. As the zener diode is connected parallel to the load the voltage across the load will be always equal to the zener voltage. Let’s take the value of R 2 as 1kΩ. Zener diode. Theory. when voltage equal to or greater than the breakdown voltage(3.6V) is applied across the Zener Diode in reverse direction the Zener Breakdown occurs and the output voltage of the Zener Diode becomes fixed at 3.6V. Zener Diode is Designed to Function in Which Region Without Having Any Damage? Feedback Cite this Simulator: Developed by Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham & CDAC Mumbai. Over voltage protection is done by using Zener diodes because there is current flowing through the diode after the reverse bias voltage exceeds a certain voltage . Thus we will connect the zener diode parallel to the load such that the applied voltage will reverse bias it. Zener diode & Zener breakdown . Theory. Hence, it acts as a voltage regulator. In this video, let's explore how a Zener diode can be used to regulate voltage. The breakdown voltage of Zener diodes will be constant for a wide range of current. 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The voltage difference between the input voltage V S and V Z will be dropped across the resistance R. Class 12 Physics Semiconductor Electronics: Special purpose p-n junction diode: Special purpose p-n junction diode. We are going use it's reverse breakdown characteristics. By designing the regulator here means to find the values of VZ and R. Since the load voltage is to be maintained at 12 V, we will use a zener diode of zener voltage 12 V i.e., The voltage across R is to remain constant at 16 − 12 = 4 V as the load current changes from 0 to 200 mA. Problems on zener diode as voltage regulator. Ans. As the breakdown voltage is appro… The maximum current flowing through the diode. When connected in reverse bias in series with a current limiting resistor, the voltage across the zener diode remains constant as long as a certain minimum current flows through it. Wir erinnern uns aus den vorangegangenen Tutorials, dass die … The output voltage of regulator system is fixed as the zener knee voltage of the zener diode and can be used in power devices requiring a fixed voltage of firm value. 3(b) to charge a rechargeable battery of voltage V8 = 10V. Chapter: 11th 12th std standard Class Physics sciense Higher secondary school College Notes | Study Material, Lecturing Notes, Assignment, Reference, Wiki description explanation, brief detail | Posted On : 14.03.2016 05:16 am . Hence, V. Draw the Zener Diode Voltage Regulator Circuit Diagram. Now lets solve an example problem that illustrates the Zener diode as a voltage regulator. (Actually, to be certain the zener diode could handle the power, I placed two 12 volt zeners in parallel. (iii)A photo diode is operated under reverse bias although in the forward bias, the current is known to be more than the current in the reverse bias. We do not use ordinary junction diode because the low power rating diode can get damaged when we apply reverse bias above its breakdown voltage. In Zener diode, there is a conventional current flow from anode to cathode. The action of the circuit can be explained as given below: Load current varies, the input voltage is constant: Let us consider that the load current increases. The resistance box is connected as load across the zener diode and the regulated voltage across it is measured using the multimeter. Zener diode and Zener diode as voltage regulator. This voltage at which seamless current flow begins is known as the breakdown voltage. Due to this feature, it is used as a voltage regulator in d.c. circuit. Science Class 12 Physics (India) Semiconductors Zener diode. As Voltage Regulator 12. It is a system wherein a constant voltage level is maintained either using positive feedback or negative feedback. Simulator. The battery is charging with a constant current 20mA. Principle of zener diode. Procedure . Here, the output voltage is balanced even if there is fluctuation in voltage supply. Resources. [HOTS; Foreign 2010] Ans. Vedantu academic counsellor will be calling you shortly for your Online Counselling session. In this Physics video in Hindi for class 12 we explained, with diagram, how Zener diode is used as voltage regulator. 1. To have a detailed understanding of Zener diode and its working, you should also read up on the related concepts. Your email address will not be published. For example, we want that the voltage across a load in our circuit does not exceed, let’s say, 12 volts. The primary objective of the Zener diode as a voltage regulator is to maintain a constant voltage. Let us say if Zener voltage of 5 V is used then, the voltage becomes constant at 5 V, and it does not change. This voltage at which seamless current flow begins is known as the breakdown voltage. Zener diodes as voltage regulators A Circuit diagram symbol for a zener diode. The normal AC voltage, Vp = 220V(rms) and can vary +10% during charging. Your email address will not be published. Assume that the transformer primary to secondary coils turns ratio is N: N2 = 16:1. Zener diode is used as Shunt voltage regulator for regulating voltage across small loads. VZ = VL. I clamped the voltage of the transformer with a 12 volt zener diode and the crosstalk problem disappeared. However, when the reverse voltages are applied, or reverse feedback is provided, a tiny leakage current is observed between the zener voltage and 0V. Theory. The Zener diode acts as a conventional diode when it is connected in the forward direction. The Zener diode is a unique sort of diode having a sharp reduce off voltage for the […] Following is the link explaining the difference between Zener breakdown and Avalanche breakdown: The circuit diagram of a voltage regulator using a Zener diode is shown: Current through the diode increases when the voltage across the diode tends to increase which results in the voltage drop across the resistor. Funded by MeitY (Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology) English हिंदी മലയാളം मराठी . Why is Zener Diode Used as a Voltage Regulator? However, when the reverse voltages are applied, or reverse feedback is provided, a tiny leakage current is observed between the zener voltage and 0V. A 5 V stabilized power supply is required to be produced from a 12 V DC power supply input source. Fabrication – It has heavily doped p- side and n-side. Zener Diode as a voltage regulator. 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